supersonic buisness jets

Sukhoi-Gulfstream S-21

Sukhoi-Gulfstream S-21 was a projected Russian-American supersonic business jet.

In the early 1990s, Gulfstream Aerospace and the Sukhoi Design Bureau of Moscow began a joint effort to develop a supersonic small business jet, code named the S-21. Due to questionable market demand for commercial supersonic air travel, commitment to the project wavered and delays mounted.

Gulfstream eventually dissolved the partnership, although Sukhoi continued work on the S-21.

The S-21 would be capable of sustained cruise at Mach 2+ and much research and development has gone into the management of the troublesome transonic effects associated with near Mach 1 air speeds

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Capacity: 6–10
• Length: 124.2 ft (37.86 m)
• Wingspan: 65.4 ft (19.93 m)
• Wingsweep: 32° unswept (68° swept)
• Height: 27.1 ft (8.26 m)
• Empty weight: 54,167 lb (24,570 kg)
• Useful load: 2,000 lb (907 kg)
• Max. takeoff weight: 114,200 lb (51,800 kg)
• Fuel: 58,465 lb (26,519 kg)
• Powerplant: 3 × Aviadvigatel D-21A1 turbofan, 16,535 lb_f (73.55 kN) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 1,483 mph (2,386 km/h)
• Cruise speed: 1,483 mph (2,386 km/h)
• Range: 4,600 mi (7,403 km)
• Range (Mach 1.4): 2,715 mi (4,369 km)
• Range (Mach 0.95): 4,600 mi (7,403 km)
• Service ceiling: 63,900 ft (19,477 m)
• Thrust/weight: 0.43

Tupolev Tu-444

The Tupolev Tu-444 is a concept for a supersonic business jet from the Russian firm Tupolev. Tupolev has had previous experience developing supersonic transport aircraft with projects such as the Tu-144, Tu-144LL and other experience with supersonic aircraft in the bombers Tu-22, Tu-22M and Tu-160.

General characteristics

• Crew: 2 pilots, 1 flight attendant
• Capacity: 6-10
• Length: 36 m (118 ft 1 in)
• Wingspan: 16.2 m (53 ft 1 in)
• Height: 6.51 m (21 ft 4 in)
• Wing area: 136 m² (1,460 ft²)
• Empty weight: 19,300 kg (42,550 lb)
• Max. takeoff weight: 41,000 kg (90,400 lb)
• Powerplant: 2 × NPO Saturn AL-32M turbofan, 95 kN (21,400 lbf) each

Performance

• Cruise speed: Mach 2, 2125 km/h (1,320 mph)
• Range: 7,500 km (4,660 mi)
• Wing loading: 300 kg/m² (29 lb/ft²)
• Thrust/weight: 0.48

SAI Quiet Supersonic Transport (QSST)

The Lockheed Martin Skunk Works began developing the QSST in May 2001 under a $25-million contract from SAI.

Designed to cruise at an altitude of 60,000 feet at speeds of Mach 1.6 to 1.8 (approximately 1,218 to 1,370 statute miles per hour) with a range of 4,600 statute miles, the two-engine gull-wing aircraft was designed to create a sonic boom only 1% as strong as that generated by the Concorde.

SAI invited engine proposals from General Electric, Pratt & Whitney and Rolls-Royce. Each of the QSST's two engines must generate 33,000 pounds of thrust, comparable to the power of engines for midsize airliners. SAI had planned to select an engine once an international consortium to manufacture the jet was completed, achieve first flight in 2017, and begin customer deliveries by 2018. The price per aircraft was expected to be about $80 million.

The QSST was designed to generate a much quieter sonic boom than previous supersonic aircraft, claimed to be 1/100 that of the Concorde.This result is achieved by increasing the ratio of length to wingspan, using canards, and ensuring that the individual pressure waves generated by each part of the aircraft structure reinforce each other less significantly, producing a light rumble on the ground without an objectionable sonic boom like conventional supersonic aircraft.

Aerion SBJ 

The Aerion SBJ is a concept for a supersonic business jet, designed by Aerion Corporation, an American aerospace firm based in Reno, Nevada. If produced, it would allow practical non-stop travel from Europe to North America and back within one business day. The target price is $80 million (in 2007 year dollars), with development costs ranging from $2.5 to $3.0 billion, and is set to be produced in 2015. ExecuJet of Switzerland and Indigo Lyon are the firm's sales agents worldwide, with the exception of North America. The company claims 50 letters-of-intent from customers,each with a $250,000 deposit.Entry into service is expected to take place five to six years following the formation of a joint venture and "hard launch" decision.

The Aerion SBJ’s key enabling technology, supersonic natural laminar flow, has been conclusively demonstrated in transonic wind tunnel tests and in supersonic flight tests conducted in conjunction with NASA. While SBJ discussions continue with selected airframers, data from the Aerion-designed calibration fixture aboard a NASA F-15B in the summer of 2010are being used to guide the design of a second test surface to be flown in 2012, pending aircraft availability. The new test surface will provide large extents of laminar flow and be shaped so boundary layer instabilities grow relatively slowly and smoothly. These characteristics will facilitate good boundary layer imaging of the roughness and step-height experiments that will be performed in this next phase. The experiments are intended to influence future laminar flow airfoil manufacturing standards for surface quality and assembly tolerances.

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Capacity: 8-12 passengers
• Length: 135.6 ft (41.33 m)
• Wingspan: 64.2 ft (19.57 m)
• Height: 21.2 ft (6.46 m)
• Wing area: 1,200 ft² (111.5 m²)
• Empty weight: lb (kg)
• Max. takeoff weight: 90,000 lb (40,823 kg)
• Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney JT8D-219 turbofans, 19,600 lbf (87.19 kN) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 1,030 knots (Mach 1.8, 1,186 mph, 1,909 km/h)
• Cruise speed: 966 knots (Mach 1.7, 1,112 mph, 1,790 km/h)
• Range:
  • At Mach 0.95: 4,600 nm (5,300 mi, 8,500 km)
  • At Mach 1.40: 4,200 nm (4,800 mi, 7,800 km)
• Service ceiling: 51,000 ft (15,500 m)

Hypermach Sonicstar

SonicStar is a supersonic passenger airliner project envisaged by HyperMach CEO Richard Lugg.

Lugg said at the 2011 Paris Air Show he plans to get the plane airborne by June 2021. It would reach speeds of up to Mach 3.6 and fly at an altitude of 60,000 feet (18,300 m). The propulsion is projected to be 30% more fuel efficient than the Rolls Royce 593 Engine in the Concorde. The SonicStar would fly at twice the speed of the Concorde. It is planned to be powered by two 54,700 thrust SonicBlue S-MAGJET (Supersonic-Magnetic Advanced Generation Jet Electric Turbine) hybrid supersonic 4000-X series engines. Any sonic boom is planned to be avoided through electromagnetic drag reduction technology, eliminating the infamous hallmark of the Concorde predecessor.

The SonicStar would carry ten to twenty passengers in "VIP luxury accommodation."